{ "3DMARK": { "aliases": [ "3dm" ], "name": "Steam link to download 3DMark free Demo", "text": "The [3DMark](https://store.steampowered.com/app/223850/3DMark/) benchmark is available on Steam for free. It is distributed as a demo to a paid application, but the demo link is hard to see.\nIf you have Steam installed on your PC, you can go to this URI to get it: `steam://install/231350`." }, "2KRES": { "aliases": [ "2k", "twok" ], "name": "What is 2K resolution?", "text": "Contrary to popular belief, [2K resolution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2K_resolution) is 2048x1080, and NOT 2560x1440. When you are referring to 2560x1440, please use either \"1440p\" or \"2.5k\" and not \"2K\"." }, "ADMINCMD": { "aliases": [ "adminpowershell", "cmdadmin", "powershelladmin" ], "name": "How to open an admin powershell or command prompt window.", "text": "To start an admin command prompt, press WindowsKey+R and enter `cmd`. Press Ctrl+Shift+Enter and it will start it in admin mode. To open an admin powershell window, replace `cmd` with `powershell`" }, "AFTER": { "attribs": [ "noembed" ], "aliases": [ "afterbuild" ], "name": "What do I after I build my PC?", "text": "Here is a video guide by Linus Tech Tips: [How to set up a PC, the last guide you'll ever need!](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WpnLehvOM6E)" }, "AIOORIENTATION": { "aliases": [ "aioorientation", "aioplacement", "radplacement" ], "image": "/command_images/aio_orientation.png", "name": "How to orient your radiator the correct way", "text": "Refer to the image below on correct radiator placement orientation. Note the blue part is marked where the air will settle in the loop which you want to avoid settling in the pump. For units whose pump is in the tubes or radiator, ideal orientation to avoid air within the pump will differ from this image." }, "AIRFLOW": { "image": "/command_images/airflowv2.png", "name": "Case / Fan airflow and orientation guide.", "text": "" }, "AMDCHIPSETGRAPH": { "aliases": [ "amdchipset", "chipsetamd" ], "image": "/command_images/amd_chipset_graph.png", "name": "B550 VS X570", "text": "The main distinction between the two AMD chipsets is that the PCIe Gen 4 lanes are also provided by the chipset on X570 as well as shown in the image below:" }, "ANSWERBOT": { "aliases": [ "answerme", "givedetails" ], "image": "/command_images/plsanswer1.gif", "name": "ANSWER ME!", "text": "When you ask for help, it is critical to provide the necessary details to receive the quickest and most immediate assistance. <@630852264780890135> provides a list of details to provide for a variety of issues.\nIf you ping the <@&229748333114163200> role, then be sure to include the details asked by <@630852264780890135>." }, "RGBCONNECTOR": { "aliases": [ "argbconnector" ], "image": "/command_images/argb_rgb_header.png", "name": "What are RGB headers, connectors and how do they work?", "text": "There are two types of RGB. One being Addressible RGB which is 5-Volt powered and uses 3-pins. The other being RGB which is 12-Volt powered and uses 4-pin. Refer to the image below on how they are connected to RGB headers on the motherboard." }, "BATTERY": { "aliases": [ "battery" ], "name": "What to do with a swollen battery", "text": "Removing a swollen battery can be hazardous, but leaving it in place also poses risks. To prevent potential damage and bodily harm, do not use a device with a swollen battery.\n\nThe guidelines in the link below offer best practices for removing swollen batteries, but cannot guarantee a safe repair. If you have doubts, power the device down, place it in a fireproof container, take to a repair professional and ask them to remove the faulty battery. Do not delay battery removal.\n\n[What to do with a swollen battery – iFixit](https://www.ifixit.com/Wiki/What_to_do_with_a_swollen_battery)" }, "BACKUP": { "name": "How do you backup files when Windows won't boot?", "text": "DISCLAIMER: You are responsible for making sure that your important data is properly backed up and to follow the instructions provided.\nTo copy your important data off the OS drive when Windows does not boot you will need to follow the instructions provided on this page once you have a Windows installer usb made and either an external or internal drive with enough capacity to copy your data to:\n[How to Use a Windows Installer Disc to Back Up Your Files When Your Computer Won't Boot – How-To Geek](https://www.howtogeek.com/135005/how-to-use-a-windows-installer-disc-to-back-up-your-files-when-your-computer-wont-boot/)" }, "BESTBUYSTOCK": { "name": "Why is PCPP having issues with Best Buy?", "text": "PCPartPicker is currently not able to get in-stock status for items at Best Buy. Several items are currently out of stock at Best Buy and as a result, leads to inaccurate pricing info. Please look into the individual item in question at Best Buy's website before adding it to your list." }, "BESTHELP": { "aliases": [ "bh" ], "name": "What can you provide to get the best and fastest help?", "text": "When asking for help, it is crucial to provide details on your issue.\n\n**Have these details in a SINGLE message**\n\nThose helping are more likely to help when they have details to utilize.\n\nExamples of details include:\n\n- The specific item you are having trouble and everything you have tried to resolve it.\n- If its a PC, then list all the components and OS (and its version number).\n- How long has the issue been occurring or the number of occurrences.\n- If there are any error codes or error messages, list all of them.\n- If it is a networking or internet issue, list the equipment you are using.\n- If it is a Windows Blue Screen of Death or crash, list all of the error codes, any overclocks, XMP/DOCP settings, and any recent system changes.\n\nIf this is a lot of information, consider posting to [/r/PCMasterRace](https://reddit.com/r/pcmasterrace) and linking the post here." }, "BESTHELPEXAMPLE": { "aliases": [ "bhe", "bhexample" ], "name": "Example of details when asking for help:", "text": "I am having an issue with my PC crashing randomly. My parts are:\nR7-5800X\nASRock X570 Taichi Razer Edition\n16gb of DDR4-3200\nMSI 1080ti\nSeasonic Gold 750w PSU and a 512GB 970 pro\nI am running Windows 10 2004. This has been happening for the past few weeks and occurs about every few hours. I don't have any error codes when my PC crashes, but sometimes my games throw errors. I currently have my memory at 3200 Mhz using XMP." }, "BIOSUPDATE": { "name": "How do I update my BIOS?", "text": "**Disclaimer**: You are responsible for making sure that you use the correct files and that you do not attempt to flash your BIOS during a thunderstorm or situation that can cause a power outage.\n\nTo update your BIOS, go to your motherboard's product page and go to the downloads or support section. Here you will find a variety of downloads, including BIOS files. Note, these files might be listed as an item under \"All\" operating systems. Download the latest version, and be sure to check for a required sequence of updates on some boards. Extract the downloaded zip file onto a USB stick formatted as FAT32. Boot into your BIOS and select the flashing utility in your BIOS. Within the utility, choose the BIOS file from your flash drive and start the flashing process.\n\nNote: Your motherboard manual will have specific instructions on how to update your BIOS. You can find your manual online on the same product page under \"Manuals.\"" }, "BOTTLENECK": { "aliases": [ "bottlenecks" ], "name": "The concept of 'bottlenecking'...", "text": "1. Bottlenecks are physically impossible to measure and/or quantify. So those \"bottleneck calculators\" are always unreliable.\n2. A bottleneck is quite literally always present, and that's not always a bad thing.\n3. A bottleneck does not harm components.\n4. Typically, modern hardware paired with other modern hardware doesn't lead to any \"severe\" bottleneck of any kind.\n\nTL;DR Don't worry about bottlenecks. They aren't nearly as big of an issue as they are sometimes made out to be\n\nIf you have a strong GPU, run at a higher resolution using down sampling to get a better picture than usual. If you have a strong CPU, you can change settings to get more frames.\n\nFor benchmarks, check out this article: [How Much CPU Does the GeForce RTX 3080 Need? – TomsHardware](https://www.tomshardware.com/features/nvidia-geforce-rtx-3080-ampere-cpu-scaling-benchmarks)" }, "BREADBOARD": { "name": "What is breadboarding?", "text": "Breadboarding is the process of bringing a system to its core components to aid in the troubleshooting process and eliminate any unneeded variables.\n\nA quick summary of the steps is removing everything out of the case and placing the motherboard on a non-conductive, clean surface and only connecting things essential for display output.\n**NOTE**: Some anti-static bags are conductive on the outside. **Do not** use these bags as a surface for components.\n\nThe full instructions for breadboarding are found at [this thread on whatthetech.com](https://forums.whatthetech.com/index.php?showtopic=120814)." }, "BTHEADSET": { "name": "Prevent Windows from using lower quality audio for Bluetooth headsets (not headphones)", "text": "**NOTE:** This will disable the microphone in your Bluetooth device.\n\n1. Pair and connect BT device\n2. [winkey] + [R], then enter `shell:::{A8A91A66-3A7D-4424-8D24-04E180695C7A}` and then click OK\n3. Right click your BT device then choose \"Properties\"\n4. Click on the \"Services\" tab\n5. Uncheck \"Handsfree Telephony\"\n6. Click \"OK\"\n\nYou may need to reboot.", "aliases": [ "bluetoothaudioquality", "btaudioquality" ] }, "BUILDASK": { "aliases": [ "buildhelp", "bldhelp", "bhelp" ], "name": "What details should I provide for build recommendations?", "text": "When you are asking for a build recommendation, it is critical to include:\n- Your budget, **local currency** (e.g., USD, EUR, INR), and country (prices and availability vary greatly by region and currency)\n- The purpose of the build such as gaming, video editing, research, office productivity, etc\n - Be sure to include specifics such as the games or software used\n- When you plan on purchasing the system\n- Be sure to include if you need peripherals, monitors and their resolution, and/or wifi/bluetooth connectivity.\n- Any aesthetic preferences or themes you may want such as RGB or no RGB, black or white, etc.\n\n**Providing your local currency is essential for accurate part recommendations and pricing.**" }, "CALIFORNIA": { "aliases": [ "ca" ], "image": "/command_images/noban.gif", "name": "California IS NOT BANNING GAMING PCs", "text": "This particular law is extremely complicated. Anyone who is attempting to boil down the law to a soundbyte of \"THEY'RE TAKING OUR PCs\" does not understand the law.\n\nThe fact that Dell only pulled ***2*** of their PCs should be evidence that it's not a sweeping law banning gaming PCs.\n\nFurther, this law does ***not*** affect custom built PCs.\n\nGamersNexus made [a video explaining this law](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jOHKLyjVSuE), as did [Linus Tech Tips](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aU_jWooBxzI)." }, "CANIHAVEROLE": { "aliases": [ "cihr", "officialbuilders", "trusted", "trustedtechies", "tt" ], "name": "Who are the Trusted Techies and Official Builders? Can you have the role?", "text": "The <@&350093631459426304> are individuals who have shown committed, quality support and represented the ideas and purpose for the tech-support channel.\nThe <@&428731209213018114>s are those who contribute to the \"builds\" page on the subreddit and PCMR website.\n\nThe staff members and others with the role chose them for the reasons mentioned.\n\nTL;DR, they know what they are doing and don't ask for the role, it is earned, not asked for." }, "CAPTURECARDFLOWCHART": { "aliases": [ "capturecardchart", "capturecardgraph", "capturecardguide", "capturechart" ], "image": "/command_images/capture_card_flowchart_final.png", "name": "Capture Card Flow Chart", "text": "Capture Card guide flow chart made by Cultists Network." }, "CAT": { "aliases": [ "ethcable" ], "name": "What are the \"CAT\" ratings on ethernet cables?", "text": "CAT Cable ratings, such as Cat5e, Cat6/a, Cat7, and Cat 8, are used to signify the resilience to interference, quality, and a maximum bandwidth over a distance of an ethernet cable.\nIn short summary:\nCat5 - 100 mbps over 100 meters.\nCat5e - 1 gbps over 100 meters.\nCat6 - 10 gbps over 55 meters.\nCat6a - 10 gbps over 100 meters.\nCat7 - 10 gbps over 100 meters. This is not a ratified standard and quality and performance will differ and shouldn't be used.\nCat8 - 25-40gbps over 100 meters.\n\nThe biggest difference between Cat 5e and 6 are the individual twisted pairs are often shielded with foil. Cat 6a and 7 are similar in that the cable is shielded and foiled even more. Cat 7 to 8 is also more shielding overall using foil and braids.\n\nOverall, for your home network, you do not need more than Cat 5e or Cat 6a. Anything higher is generally going to be more costly than worthwhile with no real gains." }, "CDI": { "aliases": [ "crystaldiskinfo" ], "name": "CrystalDiskInfo Download link", "text": "Download the latest CrystalDiskInfo installer from [CrystalMark.Info](https://crystalmark.info/en/software/crystaldiskinfo/).\nThe \"Shizuku\" and \"Kurei Kei\" versions are identical to Standard, but with anime girls.\nCrystalDiskMark is a different program, for benchmarking." }, "CASESATA": { "aliases": [ "satapower" ], "image": "/command_images/sata_power.jpg", "name": "What on earth is this cable dangling from my case?!?", "text": "This cable is called a SATA female cable that is generally used to power Case Fan Hubs or RGB hubs integrated / included with the case. Refer to the image for clarification." }, "CMOSCLEAR": { "aliases": [ "clearcmos" ], "name": "How do I clear my CMOS?", "text": "1. If your system is on, shut it down.\n2. Unplug your system from the wall.\n3. Open your system and locate the watch battery on your motherboard. It may be located under your GPU. If this is the case, remove your GPU to get to the CMOS battery.\n4. Remove the battery.\n5. Hold the power button for 15 seconds to discharge any remaining power in your system.\n6. Reinsert the watch battery, and the GPU if you removed it.\n7. Plug your system back into the wall and turn it on.\n\nNote: Your motherboard manual will have specific instructions on how to clear your CMOS. You can find your manual online on the same product page under \"Manuals.\"" }, "CMRSMR": { "aliases": [ "smrcmr" ], "name": "What is the deal with CMR and SMR?", "text": "The differences in Shingled Magnetic Recording (SMR) and Conventional Magnetic Recording (CMR) are associated primarily with use and latency.\nSMR has the tracks similar to roofing shingles to increase density, but due to the size of the Read-Write head, data must first be read from next to where the data is about to be written due to the layout of the tracks.\nCMR, on the other hand, is the standard flat track design thought of for HDDs.\nAs a result of how SMR is managed, it performs worse on data that is constantly being written to randomly, resulting in worse performance on the random writes. This is an issue with storage arrays where storage is consistently being written and shifted around but is not an issue in more mundane or archival purposes. In common consumer use cases, such as office work and gaming, this is **not** an issue." }, "CODEBLOCK": { "name": "Use code blocks!", "aliases": ["wrapcode", "blockcode", "codequote", "block", "code"], "text": "To make it more readable, wrap your code in triple backticks (\\`), followed by the name of the language (`cpp`, `js`, etc.). Like this:\n\n\\`\\`\\`rust\n// No syntax highlighting... :(\nlet my_str = \"world\";\nprintln!(\"Hello, {}!\", my_str);\n\\`\\`\\`\nThis appears as:\n```rust\n// Syntax highlighting!!! :)\nlet my_str = \"world\";\nprintln!(\"Hello, {}!\", my_str);\n```\n\nTo share a lot of code at a time, use a [PasteBin](https://hastebin.eegras.com/) instead." }, "COMMONSENSE": { "aliases": [ "commonsense" ], "name": "What is Common Sense?", "text": "Common Sense is sound logic with practical and good reasoning. It is searching for simple but very useful ways of making decisions to solve problems. We are all born with the ability to think, create, and solve problems.\nCommon sense lives by the rule of thinking before you act. It helps us to see what can become of something like George Washington Carver did, who saw how practical resources could benefit many people in the world.\nCommon sense is not solely about using our minds to think of cool or witty inventions that will make us lots of money. It is about making wise decisions that affect our lives. When we lack common sense, we make decisions based on emotions rather than logic." }, "CONTRIBUTE": { "image": "/command_images/contribution.png", "name": "How can I contribute to PCMRBot?", "text": "PCMRBot as a whole is closed source. However, these commands are open source.\n\nhttps://gitlab.com/pcmasterrace/discord/pcmr-discord-bot-commands" }, "CPUBOOST": { "aliases": [ "cpugobrr", "turboboost" ], "name": "What is turbo boosting?", "text": "With processors, there are two general frequency specifications, base frequency and turbo or boost frequency. Base frequency, the normal maximum operating frequency of the cores in the processor, while the turbo frequency is the maximum speed of one or two cores under ideal conditions.\n\nWhat this means is that the processor will only go to the maximum frequency if there is a workload that uses only one or two cores, depending on the processor, and if certain factors are met. Those factors include:\n* Overall cooling performance for the CPU and system\n* Available power to the system\n* Motherboard design\n* BIOS settings and version\n* The operating system\n* AMD Chipset Driver (For AMD Processors)\n\nOverall, you are not loosing performance or dropping frames because you are not reaching the boost frequency. It is there to help when possible for tasks that need that extra performance on one or two cores. In many modern loads like games or rendering, the performance \"gains\" come from running the load across multiple cores, not because it has a higher frequency." }, "CPUZ": { "attribs": [ "noembed" ], "name": "CPU-Z Download link", "text": "CPU-Z is a tool by CPUID that displays system information. Download the latest installer from [CPUID's official download page](https://www.cpuid.com/softwares/cpu-z.html)." }, "DDR": { "aliases": [ "whatsddr", "what'sddr", "whatisddr" ], "name": "Why is my RAM showing a really low number?", "text": "Your memory is reporting at half its speed due to how software can interpret the Double Data Rate memory. This is commonly seen with multiple sticks of memory as the frequency is 'split' between the sticks.\n\nAn example is your software showing the speed at 1066Mhz. Multiply this by 2 and you will see your memory is at 2133Mhz.\n\nWith common XMP speeds such as 3200Mhz, you would see 1600Mhz reported.\n\nYou can run `wmic memorychip get speed` in the Command Prompt to see the full reported speed vs. the adjusted speed." }, "DDRJEDEC": { "name": "What is JEDEC", "text": "With DDR4 systems, you may notice that on your first boot, your memory is running at 2133, 2400 Mhz, 2666 Mhz, or even 2933Mhz on with some CPUs, when you have higher frequency memory, such as 3200Mhz. This is due to what's known as the \"JEDEC Standard.\" This standard is made so that your system will turn on and function with fewer issues. If your memory were to operate at its full speed on the first boot, then it could lead to diagnostic headaches due to a system not working well with the high-speed memory. To get your memory to its full speed, use your memory's XMP profile(s)." }, "DDUHOW": { "aliases": [ "ddu" ], "name": "Display Driver Uninstaller", "text": "DDU allows you to **fully** uninstall GPU and audio drivers, beyond what the first-party tools will do. This helps the troubleshooting process greatly. To use it:\n1. [Download DDU from Guru3D](https://www.guru3d.com/files-details/display-driver-uninstaller-download.html#menu4). Scroll down to the bottom and select a Download Mirror close to you. **Do not start DDU yet.**\n2. Download the latest driver for your GPU from [Nvidia](https://www.nvidia.com/Download/index.aspx), [AMD](https://www.amd.com/en/support), or [Intel](https://downloadcenter.intel.com/product/80939/Graphics).\n3. Boot Windows into Safe Mode. To do so, open the Start menu, click the Power option. Click Restart while holding Shift (and keep holding it). You should arrive at a blue screen with multiple options.\n4. From there, click Troubleshoot > Advanced Options > Startup Settings, and click on Restart. Press 4 to boot into Safe Mode.\n4. While in Safe Mode, run DDU and click on Clean and Restart.\n5. Install the driver you downloaded earlier." }, "DEEPFRIEDEIGHT": { "attribs": [ "hidden", "noembed" ], "aliases": [ "df8" ], "name": "Rule 8", "image": "/command_images/deep_fried_rule_8.png" }, "DISK100": { "name": "Why is my boot disk usage showing 100%?", "text": "Many times you will see 100% disk usage when your antivirus is running a scan or Windows is doing something in the background. This problem most likely occurs on HDD instead of SSD, and the reason it takes a significant amount of time and bogs down the system is mostly due to the random read speeds of a hard drive, as well as a bit of the sequential. Defragmenting your drive can help reduce this issue a little bit, but it won't help much. The 100% is also the amount of time the disk is actively doing something, so when you see chrome or so, fetching only using a small portion of the hard drives full data rate, then it's likely reading random files it needs or writing a slow download.\n\nThis is mitigated in Windows 10 Version 2004, but not fully fixed." }, "DISTROS": { "name": "Beginner Linux Distro Recommendations", "text": "Here are some good Linux distros for beginners. These are just suggestions!\n- [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/): Well tested with a friendly graphical control panel\n- [Bazzite](https://bazzite.gg/): A console-like \"it just works\" that's hard to break\n- [CachyOS](https://cachyos.org/): Arch-based (more advanced), but very fast. Special support for newer CPUs to use them more effectively.\n- [Fedora](https://fedoraproject.org/): More supported by closed source software, generally popular among non-gamers as well\n- [Nobara](https://nobaraproject.org/): Gaming Flavored Fedora\n\n You can test Linux distros using [distrosea](https://distrosea.com/). No installation is required.\nCheck out the following [spreadsheet](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1nwuzdgsx5lfEGJunhVJP49lOp_nzXe9I4KJe5ketspg/edit?usp=sharing) for more information and more advanced distro options.", "aliases": [ "distro" ] }, "DISTROVSDE": { "aliases": [ "de", "desktopenvironment" ], "name": "Distro vs. Desktop Environment", "text": "If you'll allow me to interject for a moment:\nA Linux **distribution** or **distro** like Ubuntu, Fedora, Arch Linux, is a complete operating system, including the Linux kernel, bundled alongside lots of other software.\nOne such piece of software is the **desktop manager** or **DE** (e.g. GNOME, KDE Plasma, Xfce) which is the GUI containing your desktop, toolbars, and windows. On other operating systems like Windows, this is treated like an inseparable part of the OS, but on Linux, it's just another piece of software that starts running when you log in. A distro is not bound to any given DE, so you're free to switch at any time." }, "DMPFILE": { "aliases": [ "bsoddump", "dmp", "dump", "dumpfile" ], "name": "What is a .dmp file and where can you find it?", "text": "When your Windows crashes, resulting in a BSOD, it will store information about the preceding events of the crash in a DMP file. This contains crucial information such as the afflicted system file, that will help to find the source of the issue.\nTo find this file you must be able to boot into Windows, if you are unable to log into normal mode, try booting into safe mode.\n\nDMP files can be located in `C:\\Windows\\Minidump`\nIf you find more than one DMP file, copy the 3 most recent files (not older than 3 weeks) to your desktop and then upload them to Discord.\nIf you dont find any DMP files in the first location, look for a file called `Memory.dmp` in the root folder of Windows (`C:\\Windows`). If this file is too large, Zip it or upload it to a file sharing service such as OneDrive and share the download link." }, "DMPLOST": { "aliases": [ "dmpmissing", "dumplost", "nodmp", "nodump" ], "name": "I don't see any folder called Minidumps!", "text": "If you dont find `C:\\Windows\\Minidump` it might be because your system has disabled minidumps.\nFor enabling them, type `sysdm.cpl` in Window's search box. Head to the *Advanced* tab, and under *Start-up and Recovery*, click *Settings*. Below *Write debugging information*, open the drop-down list and select *Small memory dump (256 KB)*. It should change the *Small dump directory* below it to `%SystemRoot%\\Minidump`\n\nIf that doesn't work, look for a file called `Memory.dmp` in the root folder of Windows (`C:\\Windows`). If this file is too large, Zip it or upload it to a file sharing service such as OneDrive and share the download link.\n\n**Malfunctioning RAM can prevent the system from creating DMP files**" }, "DMSUPPORT": { "aliases": [ "dmrate" ], "name": ":moneybag: Current direct message support rates.", "text": "Due to the one-on-one nature of DM support, we charge a rate of `$250 per hour` with a minimum of `2 hours`.\n\nA free alternative would be to simply ask your question in the channel." }, "DRAMSSD": { "aliases": [ "ssddram" ], "name": "How does DRAM impact performance of SSDs?", "text": "TL;DR - DRAM on modern SSDs does not matter performance wise, but DRAM on an SSD helps reduce extra writes from background management on the SSD, improving lifespan and initial write performance.\n\nDRAM in SSDs serves as a location for the SSD to store the data map of where everything is located on the SSD and serves as a cache for data being written to the drive. This data will regularly change as the SSD shuffles the data around to help prevent a cell of flash from wearing out ahead of the other cells. When there is no DRAM on the SSD, also referred to as DRAM-less SSDs, the data map is stored in system memory or stored on the actual flash cells, which reduces the overall performance of the SSD. However, with the impressive endurance ratings of modern SSDs this extra wear is negligible.\n\nIn NVMe drives, DRAM vs. DRAM-less does not have a relevant impact on performance due to the better optimization of modern DRAM-less drives, and drive wear will not matter to regular users." }, "DRIVECLONE": { "aliases": [ "clone", "clonedrive" ], "name": "How do you clone a drive?", "text": "You are able to clone drives to migrate operating systems using various software such as [Macrium Reflect](https://www.macrium.com/reflectfree), [AOMEI Backupper](https://www.ubackup.com/free-backup-software.html) or [EaseUS Disk Copy](https://www.easeus.com/disk-copy/index.htm).\nThe target drive must be at least as large as the drive being cloned.\nNote that you may encounter issues (boot failures, OS stability issues) when cloning from a **hard drive to a solid-state drive**, usually caused by the different block sizes.\n\nThe instructions to clone a drive using these tools can be found at\n\n- [Cloning a disk with Macrium reflect](https://knowledgebase.macrium.com/display/KNOW7/Cloning+a+disk)\n- [AOMEI Backupper Standard guides](https://www.ubackup.com/help)\n- [EaseUS Disk Copy Help](https://www.easeus.com/support/disk-copy/index.html)." }, "DRIVESPACE": { "name": "How do I find what's using my drive space?", "text": "There are multiple pieces of software recommended to find large directories or files that are eating up your drive space. In no particular order:\n* [TreeSize Free](https://www.jam-software.com/treesize_free)\n* [Wiztree](https://diskanalyzer.com/download)\n* [SpaceMonger](https://www.stardock.com/products/spacemonger/)\n* [WinDirStat (slow, not better)](https://windirstat.net/download.html)" }, "DRIVERUPDATER": { "name": "Do not use third-party driver installers!", "text": "Don't use third-party driver updaters, downloaders, verifiers, or management tools. These can contain malware, spyware, or adware, or bundle additional software you don't want. The drivers installed could be outdated, or have additional injected.\n\nOnly install device drivers downloaded directly from the manufacturer's website (e.g. Asus, Intel, Realtek, Nvidia, AMD, Biostar, etc.)." }, "EVENTVIEW": { "aliases": [ "eventviewer", "evernvwr" ], "name": "What is the Event Viewer?", "text": "Event Viewer is the central location for logging within Windows. There are two primary areas for logging, \"Windows Logs\" and \"Applications and Services Logs.\"\"Windows Logs\" contains the logs for the Windows OS and System.\n- Application contains logs related to Windows' System Components and System Drivers and Libraries.\n- Security contains logs related to the login and logouts to a system by all users including hidden ones and resource access,\n- System contains logs about the system, including hardware, kernel panics, updates, and other parts of the Windows OS and Kernel.\n\n\"Applications and Services Logs\" contains logs for the services and apps running and installed on the system.\nThe top-level folder in these logs is the general organization of the logs, typically the broad name like Microsoft. Using Microsoft's log as an example, as you explore deeper into the folders, it goes into individual services and applications such as \"Windows Defender\", where you can find more details about detection and activities of Windows Defender, or \"MSPaint\" which shows the logs involved in Microsoft Paint.\n\nFurther details can be found here: [What Is the Windows Event Viewer, and How Can I Use It? – How-To Geek](https://www.howtogeek.com/123646/htg-explains-what-the-windows-event-viewer-is-and-how-you-can-use-it/)" }, "FANCONNECTOR": { "aliases": [ "fanheader", "fanheaders", "fanconnectors" ], "image": "/command_images/fan_header.jpg", "name": "How to connect a 3-pin or 4-pin FAN to the motherboard", "text": "Guide on how to connect fans to motherboard fan headers: [How to connect a 3 pin or 4 pin fan to the motherboard – Cooler Master FAQ](https://landing.coolermaster.com/faq/how-to-connect-a-3-pin-or-4-pin-fan-to-the-motherboard/). The image below demonstrates you can plug a 3-pin fan connector to a 4-pin fan header on the motherboard." }, "FANORIENTATION": { "aliases": [ "fandirection", "intake", "exhaust", "whatisintake", "whatisexhaust" ], "image": "/command_images/airflowdirection.png", "name": "Fan Orientation", "text": "Which direction do the fans blow air? Refer to the following image:" }, "FANDAISYCHAIN": { "aliases": [ "daisychain", "fdc" ], "image": "/command_images/fan_daisychain.gif", "name": "Fan daisy chaining", "text": "Refer to the image below:" }, "FANTABLE": { "aliases": [ "fanchart", "fangraph", "whichfan", "whichfans" ], "image": "/command_images/fan_guide_new.png", "name": "Fan Table", "text": "Here is a table of recommended fans:" }, "FIRSTDRIVERS": { "aliases": [ "drivers" ], "name": "What drivers do I need to download?", "text": "With a new system, a few drivers need to be installed.\nThe following drivers are downloaded from your motherboard's support page: Audio, LAN/Wifi.\n\nGPU Drivers are retrieved from [Nvidia](https://www.nvidia.com/Download/index.aspx), [AMD](https://www.amd.com/en/support), or [Intel](https://downloadcenter.intel.com/product/80939/Graphics)'s website. With Nvidia, use the 'Game-Ready Driver' unless you are doing productivity work.\n\nOn AMD Ryzen and Threadripper systems, you will need to download the chipset drivers from [AMD's website](https://www.amd.com/en/products/chipsets-motherboards-desktop)." }, "FPANEL": { "aliases": [ "fpio", "frontpanel", "frontpanelio", "efpio" ], "image": "/command_images/fpanel.png", "name": "Front panel connector guide", "text": "The below diagram shows the layout for the most common front panel connector. If your connector has additional pins on the right side, simply ignore them. The HDD and power light connectors (HDD_LED and PW_LED) are polarized, and must be oriented correctly. The power and reset switches can be connected in either orientation, just make sure they're in the right place." }, "FREEDOMOFSPEECH": { "aliases": [ "firstadmendment", "freespeech", "fs" ], "image": "/command_images/free_speech.png", "name": "Free speech does not mean zero consequence:", "text": "" }, "FREEGAMES": { "image": "/command_images/followchannel.png", "name": "How do I get the Free Games bot in my server?", "text": "You can not add PCMRBot to your server. You can, however, follow the Free Games channel.\n\nSimply go to <#360863183625256971> and click \"Follow\"." }, "GOTOBH": { "aliases": [ "gbh", "gobh", "gobuild", "gotobh", "gotobuild", "gotobuildhelp", "rbh", "redirectbuild" ], "name": "Looking for help with selecting computer part(s)? **Try asking in #build-help or #hardware-discussion**", "text": "**Hey, your question can be answered better in <#497150397358800908>**, as it is for selecting components, systems, and accessories.\n\nAlso a reminder to please phrase your query with complete specifics of the thing you're looking for, as this might help you and help the one's helping you to get whatever you want faster and more accurately.\n\nThings to look out for while phrasing a query: Budget, Country(for price and availability), preferred Aesthetics(if any) and/or any detail that has a significance of purpose or use" }, "GOTOTS": { "aliases": [ "gotech", "gotechsupport", "gototech", "gototechsupport", "gotots", "gots", "gts", "redirecttech", "redirectts" ], "name": "Looking for technical support? **Try asking in #tech-support**", "text": "**Hey, it looks like for that question, you can receive better support in <#96028420848230400>**, as it's for getting help with troubleshooting and fixing stuff related to computers, and networking issues.\n\nAlso a reminder to please phrase your query with complete specifics of what you're dealing with or the issues you have faced so far, as providing complete details might help you to get a speedy resolution by helping the one's helping you to understand the situation better, faster and more accurately.\nThings to look out for while phrasing a query:\nMention **the specific item** you are **having trouble with** and **thing's you have tried** to resolve.\n- If its **a PC, then list all the components and OS** (and its version number and/or recent update history), and **overclocks applied**(if any), and if possible, provide **error codes**(BSOD/memory-dumps/crash-logs)\n- For networking or internet issue, list the equipment you are using.\n\nNote: __Have these pieces of information in a single message__ to avoid getting muted for spam" }, "GPTMBR": { "aliases": [ "mbrgpt" ], "name": "GPTMBR", "text": "GPT and MBR are both ways that partitions are stored and catalogued on drives. At a high level, there are a few keys differences. MBR is limited to 2TB per drive, four partitions, and is used by older operating systems and BIOSes. GPT is the \"upgraded MBR\" in which there is a maximum of one billion terabytes per drive, 128 partitions, and is only usable by more modern operating systems and UEFI's. Today, unless you have a system from before 2010, use GPT as it is the newer standard to use.\n\nTL;DR: Just use GPT." }, "GREYMARKET": { "aliases": [ "graykey", "graykeys", "graymarket", "greykey", "greykeys" ], "name": "What are grey market keys?", "text": "Grey market keys are keys with no determined origin, and are not being sold directly from the developer to the retailer listing the key. The seller may have come into possession of the keys in an illegitimate manner. For Windows, this may be an abuse of volume licenses (such as a large business) or a keygen. For games, these licenses may be sourced with a stolen credit card and sold cheaply to launder money. They have risks such as the license potentially being revoked. This can also lead to financial losses for a developer if they have to provide customer service to an angry customer whose game or OS license was revoked.\n\n[G2A Confirms It Sold Stolen Game Keys – Polygon](https://www.polygon.com/2020/5/20/21265275/g2a-confirms-it-sold-stolen-game-keys)\n\nPlease use keys from authorized retailers, such as the retailers listed on [isthereanydeal.com](https://isthereanydeal.com) or a known legitimate retailer for Windows keys." }, "HEADPHONEBUYINGGUIDE": { "aliases": [ "headphonechart", "headphonegraph", "headphoneguide", "headphonebuyguide" ], "name": "Headphone buying guide", "text": "Refer to image", "image": "/command_images/headphonebuyingguide.png" }, "HEADSETMIC": { "aliases": [ "3.5mm", "trrs" ], "name": "Your new headset only works as headphones?", "text": "Some headphone/microphone combination devices, or \"headset\", use a single connector to connect to your device. Most PCs require the headphone and microphone parts to be separate plugs (green and pink plugs).\n\nReview the image below. Most PCs require a TRS connector and your headset may have a TRRS connector. You need a \"Female TRRS to Male TRS Splitter\" like [this one from Amazon](https://www.amazon.com/MillSO-Headphone-Splitter-Computer-Headset/dp/B071NDLCGC/).", "image": "/command_images/trs_trrs_headphone_jack.png" }, "HIGHMONITOR": { "aliases": [ "monitorgobrr", "monitorhz" ], "name": "How do I set my monitor to a higher refresh rate?", "text": "You may have a high refresh rate monitor such as a 120, 144, or 240 Hz monitor, and it is showing as 60 Hz. This is a default setting to make sure your monitor is able to output during the first connections. For the monitor to display the higher refresh rate, specific criteria need to be met. The monitor, display interface on the monitor, the display cable, the display interface on the computer all need to support the higher refresh rate at the monitor's resolution.\n\nSome monitors only support the higher refresh rate over a specific interface, which can be determined in the monitor's manual.\n\nAfter determining that each part of the link supports the resolution and refresh rate, go into Nvidia Control Panel, AMD Catalyst Control Center, Windows Display Settings, or Display Adapter Settings to set the monitor to the correct refresh rate and resolution.\n\nIf the monitor is still unable to be set to the correct resolution and refresh rate, include your monitor's model number, GPU, which specific cable is used, any adapters used, and what has been done to set the resolution." }, "HOWTOCOUNTTOSIX": { "attribs": [ "hidden" ], "name": "Yes, we actually had to make a command for this.", "text": "First, you start off with the number one(1), then two(2), three(3), four(4), five(5), and best of all, six(6)!" }, "HWINFO": { "aliases": [ "hwinfo64" ], "attribs": [ "noembed" ], "name": "HWiNFO download link", "text": "HWiNFO is a system monitoring tool. Download the latest installer from [FossHub](https://www.fosshub.com/HWiNFO.html) or [HWiNFO's download page](https://www.hwinfo.com/download/)." }, "IDLETEMP": { "aliases": [ "idletemps" ], "name": "Are my idle temperatures ok?", "text": "The idle temperature of your components does not matter, and unrelated external factors will sway idle temperatures much more than temps under load. Unless your idle temps are regularly above 70C, stop worrying!\n\nNOTE: Many high-end AM5 CPUs will automatically boost themselves until they reach 95C, so check respected review outlets to see if your cpu has this behavior." }, "INTELDEGRADE": { "name": "Intel 13th and 14th gen CPU degradation", "text": "It was discovered that high-power (65W) Intel CPUs in the 13th and 14th generation can experience gradual degradation of stability. Intel announced that [the issue stems from incorrect microcode](https://community.intel.com/t5/Processors/July-2024-Update-on-Instability-Reports-on-Intel-Core-13th-and/m-p/1617113) causing the motherboard to deliver unsafe voltages under certain circumstances and are working on an update. Intel has stated that the `i9-13900`, `i7-13700`, `i5-13600`, `i9-14900`, `i7-14700` and `i5-14600` (with or without the `K` and or `F` suffix) are the CPUS they consider affected.\n\nThe BIOS update has started to slowly release. Check your motherboard's website to see if you have a new BIOS. A google search of ` BIOS update` should suffice, like `MSI Z790 MEG BIOS update` .\n\nIn the mean time [there are steps you can perform](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0oOBFMgEDDs) to lessen the chance of instability in your CPU until Intel releases this microcode update.\n\nOnce a CPU is degraded it will be that way forever. Intel is extending the warranty window for this so you can consider an RMA. If you have a prebuilt [contact your prebuilt's manufacturer](https://www.theverge.com/2024/8/7/24215440/intel-13th-14th-gen-crash-raptor-lake-integrator-warranty-lenovo-dell-hp-acer-asus). If you bought a CPU in a box [contact Intel directly](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/contact-us.html).", "aliases": [ "intelvoltage" ] }, "JUSTASK": { "aliases": [ "ask", "jsutask", "nohello" ], "name": "Just ask your question!", "text": "Someone who is idling on the channel and only occasionally glances at what's going on is unlikely to answer your \"asking to ask\" question, but an actual description of your problem may pique their interest and get them to answer.\n\nSee also: Nerd Sniping, XY Problem " }, "XYPROBLEM": { "aliases": [ "xy", "whatwant" ], "name": "What do you REALLY want? (XY Problem)", "text": "It sounds like you're asking about an attempted solution (\"How do I do Y (so I can do X)?\") rather than the actual problem you're trying to solve. (\"How do I do X?\"). Please provide more detailed information about what exactly you're trying to do, and any other solutions you've already ruled out, so that others can provide more effective assistance!\n\n" }, "KEYBOARDSIZE": { "aliases": [ "keyboardlayout", "keyboardsizes" ], "image": "/command_images/keyboard-layouts.jpg", "name": "What different keyboard sizes are there?", "text": "The two most common sizes are Full-sized 100% and TKL 80%. Other sizes are provided in the image below:" }, "LGA1151": { "name": "What are the two LGA1151 socket types?", "text": "LGA1151 has two different socket versions:\n\n- **LGA1151v1** is for Skylake (6th Gen) and Kabylake (7th Gen) processors and is found with 100 and 200 series motherboards.\n- **LGA1151v2** is for Coffeelake (8th Gen) and Coffeelake Refresh (9th Gen) processors.\n\nThe v1 and v2 sockets and CPUs are **NOT cross-compatible** with one another." }, "M2SIZE": { "aliases": [ "m2sizes" ], "image": "/command_images/m2-sizes.jpg", "name": "What different M.2 sizes are there?", "text": "M.2 SSDs come in a standard size of 2280 for desktop consumer SSDs. Here are the different sizes you may see them in:" }, "M2INSTALL": { "aliases": [ "m2installguide", "m2guide", "m2connector" ], "image": "/command_images/m2connector.png", "name": "How to install an M.2 SSD into a motherboard?", "text": "Refer to the image below:" }, "MANUAL": { "name": "Where can I find my manual?", "text": "You can find your manual online by searching for the model number of the device or part and going to the support page. The manual will be under the download section for most companies.\nYou can also find the manual by searching the model number, followed by 'manual.'" }, "MARKDOWN": { "name": "__How__ did you ***do*** that?", "aliases": ["fancytext", "formatting"], "text": "Discord uses Markdown to format text. You can type text that is **\\*\\*bold\\*\\***, *\\*italicized\\**, __\\_\\_underlined\\_\\___ and more.\n\nFor the full tutorial, see [Markdown Text 101 – Discord Support](https://support.discord.com/hc/en-us/articles/210298617)" }, "MBR2GPT": { "name": "How do I convert a drive from MBR to GPT without data loss?", "text": "To convert your drive(s) from MBR to GPT follow this guide: [How to Convert the System from Legacy BIOS mode to UEFI mode after Installing Windows – Intel Support](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000024558/memory-and-storage/intel-optane-memory.html). Note that this should not be used on non-UEFI capable systems." }, "MEMTEST": { "aliases": [ "memtest86" ], "name": "How to test memory for instability and unreliability.", "text": "Memtest86+ is the go-to tool for diagnosing memory issues and testing memory overclock stability. It can better find issues compared to in-Operating-System memory testers or Windows Memory Diagnostic, which both can report false negatives.\n\nTo use MemTest86+, download the software from [memtest86.org](https://www.memtest.org/) (use the Windows USB Installer on the right) and run the downloaded program to create a bootable USB device with MemTest86+. For instructions on how to make the USB, read the `readme.txt` file for step-by-step instructions.\n\nAfter the bootable USB is created, boot to it through your system's BIOS. This will load the tool and present you with a screen to either configure the test or to wait and let it automatically start. Let it automatically start. If it does not start and takes you to the configuration menu, press the `Start Test` button on the left side of the screen.\n\n**The test will take one to multiple hours depending on the speed of the system and the amount of memory you have**\n\nWhen the test finishes or reports any errors, send a screenshot of the results to the people providing help." }, "MODULAR": { "aliases": [ "modularpsucable", "modularpsu" ], "image": "/command_images/modular.png", "name": "What is the difference between Modular, Semi-Modular and Fully Modular?", "text": "Refer to the image below:" }, "MONITORHELP": { "aliases": [ "monhelp" ], "name": "What should you provide when asking for monitor recommendations?", "text": "When asking for monitor suggestions, you need to provide:\n- Your budget, currency, and country\n- The purpose of the monitor such as gaming, video editing, office productivity, etc\n- Your preferred resolution and refresh rate\n- Your CPU and GPU\n- When you plan on purchasing the monitor" }, "MONITORLIST": { "aliases": [ "monlist", "monitortier", "monitorteir" ], "name": "What are good monitors?", "text": "[This Google doc](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1wBV0U3a1XuP1yFLvs_Ald3FE1y45bVxtS2zBXixsGLs/edit#gid=96225629) maintains a list of the top 5 monitors in several categories based on aggregated reviews from several trusted reviewers in the industry." }, "MBGUIDE": { "aliases": [ "motherboardguide", "mbg", "mbconnectors", "mbconnector", "motherboardconnectors" ], "image": "/command_images/motherboard_guide.png", "name": "Motherboard quick start guide", "text": "Refer to the image below:" }, "MOTHERBOARDSIZE": { "aliases": [ "mainboardsize", "mainboardsizes", "motherboardsizes" ], "image": "/command_images/motherboard-sizes.png", "name": "What different motherboard sizes are there?", "text": "The two most common sizes are mATX suited for budget and compact computer builds and ATX which are suited for mid-tower ATX cases. It is recommended to check with the case for motherboard size compatibility. For other different sizes refer to the image:" }, "NEAT": { "attribs": [ "noembed" ], "text": "Neat.", "title": "That's neat" }, "BREAD": { "attribs": [ "noembed", "hidden" ], "text": "Mods are asleep, post smooth bread.", "title": "yes this bread is very smooth", "image": "/command_images/smooth_bread.png" }, "NETWORKING": { "name": "Networking basics in understandable terms", "text": "Networking can be confusing. Adding to confusion are common devices that merge two or more functions into one device and being called a \"router\".\n\n* **ISP**: Internet Service Provider. This is who you (or your parents) pay for internet.\n* **Modem**: Converts the signal your Internet company sends into Ethernet. Commonly coaxial/fiber from the ISP. This is connected to your **Router**.\n* **Router**: Routes internet packets between devices in your house and the Internet.\n* **Wireless Access Point**: This is what your WiFi devices (phone, laptop) connect to to get access to the internet. This is plugged into your **Router**, or it can be plugged into an **Ethernet Switch**.\n* **Ethernet Switch**: Allows you to connect multiple Ethernet devices to one cable. This is plugged into your **Router** or another **Ethernet Switch**", "aliases": [], "image": "/command_images/simple_network_diagram.png" }, "COOL": { "attribs": [ "noembed" ], "text": "Cool.", "image": "/command_images/cool.jpg", "title": "That's cool" }, "NETRESET": { "aliases": [ "resetnet" ], "name": "Resetting the Windows Network Stack", "text": "In an admin command prompt or admin powershell window, run the following:\n```powershell\nnetsh winsock reset\nnetsh int ip reset\nipconfig /release\nipconfig /renew\nipconfig /flushdns\n```\n\nTo start an admin command prompt, press WindowsKey+R and enter `cmd`. Press Ctrl+Shift+Enter and it will start it in admin mode. To open an admin powershell window, replace `cmd` with `powershell`" }, "DNS": { "aliases": [ "changedns" ], "name": "How to change your DNS server", "text": "If you're troubleshooting network issues, it can sometimes help to change your DNS server to something other than the default value.\n- [Guide for Windows 10](https://www.windowscentral.com/how-change-your-pcs-dns-settings-windows-10)\n- [Guide for Windows 11](https://www.windowscentral.com/software-apps/windows-11/how-to-set-different-dns-settings-on-devices-running-windows-11)\n- [Guide for macOS](https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/change-dns-settings-on-mac-mh14127/mac)\n\nSome popular IPv4 DNS servers are:\n\n- 8.8.8.8 ([Google DNS](https://dns.google/)),\n- 1.1.1.1 ([CloudFlare](https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/dns/what-is-1.1.1.1/))\n- 9.9.9.9 ([Quad9](https://www.quad9.net/)).\n\nFor more privacy-conscious alternatives, including those with ad-filtering, see [Privacy Guides list of DNS resolvers](https://www.privacyguides.org/en/dns/)." }, "NETWORKEXAMPLE": { "aliases": [ "nhe", "nhexample" ], "name": "Example of details when asking for help with networking issues:", "text": "**Preferably, have all these details in a SINGLE message**\n\nI am having an issue with my PC having slow download speeds. My parts are:\nr5 3600, ASRock X570 Phantom Gaming X, 16gb of DDR4-3200, MSI 1080ti, Seasonic Gold 750w PSU, and a 512GB 970 pro.\nI am connected with an ethernet cable to my internet.\nI am using a Netgear R700 as my router, a tp-link powerline adapter. N\nNo other devices are seeing this issue, and I don't get any errors, and it happens on any app on my PC.\nI am using Verizon FIOS and their included gateway (insert model number here). This issue happens throughout the day and has been happening for months. I have tried rebooting my networking stuff and reseating the cable, and I am out of ideas." }, "NETWORKHELP": { "aliases": [ "nhelp" ], "name": "What can you provide to get the best and fastest help with a networking related issue?", "text": "If you are having networking issues, it is best to provide as many accurate details as possible to receive the quickest and most effective help.\n\n**Have these details in a SINGLE message**\n\nInclude **all** of the following details:\n\n- The model of computer or a list of the parts used in the computer/device and the age of the afflicted system\n- A list of all networking gear you are using including model numbers. (Router, Modem/Gateway, Switches, Wireless Adapters, Network Cards)\n- If you are using any powerline or MoCa Adapters.\n- If it is only a single device with the issue or many on the network.\n- Any errors you are receiving.\n- If the issue is with your **internet**, list your ISP, connection type (Fibre, Cable, Microwave, DSL), and the plan you pay for.\n- If the issue is with a **wireless network**, list the frequency you are running on, the wireless network adapters used, where the adapters are plugged into, and any extenders, repeaters, or access points used.\n- If the issue is with a **specific service or application**, then provide the name of that service/application and any associated configurations.\n- Any patterns (such as time, activity, usage, etc) associated with the issue.\n- List any other details you find may be relevant or beneficial to diagnosing your issue.\n- **List everything you have tried to resolve your issue**.\n\nIf this is a lot of information, consider posting to [/r/PCMasterRace](https://reddit.com/r/pcmasterrace) and linking the post here.\n\n**The details you provide from above will help narrow down the source of your issue and provide quicker support.**" }, "NOANSWER": { "aliases": [ "noans" ], "image": "/command_images/plsanswer1.gif", "name": ":person_facepalming: You have decided to not answer questions", "text": "Because you have decided that you are not going to answer basic diagnostic questions, we will decide to not assist further. If you change your mind, please make sure to answer questions already asked." }, "NOBENCHMARKS": { "attribs": [ "nobenchmark", "nobenchmarks", "noembed" ], "name": "We don't have benchmarks yet for 'x'!", "image": "/command_images/nobenchmarks.gif" }, "NOCOOP": { "aliases": [ "badboy", "badgirl", "dammitbench", "ffs", "sped" ], "attribs": [ "hidden" ], "name": ":wave: You are not cooperating.", "text": "We have offered you help that we think is best. We are sorry if you are not satisfied or agree with our advice. Do not continue to ask the same question now that we've helped you. Thanks!" }, "NODISPLAY": { "name": "I'm not getting video output?", "image": "/command_images/nodisplay.png", "text": "Make sure your display cable is plugged into the graphics card (green) and NOT the motherboard (red).\n\nIf there is still no display after switching outputs, make sure to reboot." }, "NVMESATA": { "aliases": [ "satanvme" ], "name": "What is the difference between NVME and SATA protocols?", "text": "SATA and NVMe are the two primary storage protocols used in modern SSDs.\nSATA III has a maximum throughput of 600MB/s, while NVMe drives (on PCIe 4.0) can theoretically support up to 7GB/s sequential read and 5GB/s sequential write.\n\nHowever, the actual performance difference is not perceptible in the vast majority of consumer applications and games, as these programs are already optimized, but also because other system processes have to operate on the data received.\n\nThere are cases where the advantages of NVMe over SATA are more apparent, such as life sciences, financial computing, database and video caching, and large virtualized environments used in enterprise offices.\n\nMake sure to check if your system is compatible with the specific protocol and form-factor of an SSD before using or purchasing." }, "NZXTFPANEL": { "aliases": [ "nzxtpanel" ], "name": "NZXT Front Panel Connector Guide", "text": "Refer to the image on how to connect the front panel cable from NZXT cases with or with-out the provided NZXT breakout connector adapter.", "image": "/command_images/nzxtfpanel.png" }, "OCCT": { "attribs": [ "noembed" ], "name": "OCCT Download link", "text": "OCCT is an overclock stability testing tool. Get it from [OCBASE's official download page](https://www.ocbase.com/download)." }, "OFFTOPIC": { "aliases": [ "byoshush", "topic" ], "name": "Keep the support channels ON TOPIC!", "text": "Please keep memes and other off-topic related content out of the channel. Trolling and feigning idiocy is forbidden and can result in being removed from the support channels, server muted, or banned.\n\nIf you would like to go off-topic, take it to <#96037009314836480>, <#77710284621357056>, or into DMs." }, "OPINION": { "name": "Thats just your opinion!", "text": "Not every argument is worth the time and energy. First, determine if you're arguing over opinion, then stop." }, "OTHERHELP": { "aliases": [ "helpelsewhere", "rts" ], "attribs": [ "hidden" ], "image": "/command_images/otherhelp.png", "name": "If you would like help elsewhere...", "text": "Try /r/TechSupport's Discord server at ." }, "PAPERCLIP": { "aliases": [ "clippy" ], "name": "PAPERCLIP", "text": "The paperclip test is used to force a power supply to turn on through the same method that the motherboard does. This is done by bridging the PS_ON terminal to a ground terminal in the ATX 24 Pin connector (See diagram below).\n\nSome power supplies require having some form of load on the power supply, such as a fan to power on.\n\nSee [Corsair Video FAQ: How to test a Corsair power supply](https://youtu.be/5FWXgQSokF4).", "image": "/command_images/paperclip.png" }, "PCBUILDTROUBLESHOOT": { "aliases": [ "troubleshoot", "pcbuildtroubleshoot" ], "name": "PC Build Troubleshoot Photo Guide", "image": "/command_images/troubleshoot_v2.png", "text": "" }, "PCIESLOTS": { "aliases": [ "pciewidth", "pcie" ], "image": "/command_images/pcie-slots.gif", "name": "What's the difference between PCIe slot widths?", "text": "1x is commonly used for Wi-Fi network adapters and USB hubs. 4x and 8x for capture cards, sound cards and thunderbolt adapters. 16x for graphics cards. Refer to the image on bandwidth allocation for slot width." }, "PCIEPOWER": { "aliases": [ "pciepowerconnector", "pcieloose", "pciepowerloose" ], "image": "/command_images/pciepower.png", "name": "What a fully seated connector looks like", "text": "" }, "PCIELOCK": { "aliases": [ "pcilock", "pcieretentionlock" ], "image": "/command_images/pcielock.gif", "name": "Where is the PCIe retention lock located and how do I use it?", "text": "Note that the lock will automatically pop up to hold the graphics card (or any other 16x slot card) in place of the slot." }, "PINS": { "aliases": [ "checkpin", "checkpins", "pinned" ], "name": "Please check the channel's pinned messages! 📌", "text": "Refer to the pinned messages of this channel for more info on the same.\n\nHow to reach pinned messages?\n- PC: Click on the pin icon located in the top-right end of the channel.\n- Mobile: Swipe left and tap on Pins." }, "PORTCLOSED": { "aliases": [ "closedport" ], "name": "Why are my ports showing as closed?", "text": "Port checking sites and tools may show your ports as closed, despite your port forwarding on your router and doing it correctly. This is due to a few potential items. The three common reasons are:\n\n**1.** The sites and tools require something listening, such as a webserver, to accept a connection; otherwise, they don't know if something is open.\n**2.** Your ISP, their/your networking gear, or a firewall prevents incoming connections to the device or your network.\n**3.** The forwarding configuration is done incorrectly or has a mistake.\n\n#1 and #3 are easier to solve as it is a minor issue, while #2 will require more of an in-depth look or a call to your ISP, in which case, it is a good idea to check their Terms of Service / Acceptable Use Policy." }, "PORTFORWARD": { "name": "What is port forwarding and how do I do it?", "text": "Port forwarding is the process of redirecting network traffic from one networking port on a device to another. This is typically done for hosting servers, peering applications, or other applications that do not handle NAT-based networking optimally like VoIP. In a home, this would be done to host a website on your local computer and have it hosted on your connection by forwarding your computer's port 8080 to your public-facing router's port 443 as an example.\n\nAn analogy for port forwarding would be the mailing system in an apartment complex where everyone shares the common physical address and gets broken down to individual rooms or \"ports.\"\n\nThere are risks associated with forwarding ports as you expose the host device (i.e., the device hosting the server or application) to the public internet. You may also risk violating your Internet Service Provider's Terms of Service / Acceptable Use Policy if you host a server on a consumer connection.\n\nTo port forward on your router, you will need to have access to your router's admin interface or admin console. For instructions on how to configure port forwarding, check the manual that came with your router or search for it online from the manufacturer." }, "PSUCABLETYPES": { "aliases": [ "psucabletypes", "psucabletype" ], "image": "/command_images/cabletypes.png", "name": "What do the connectors on the power supply cables look like?", "text": "Refer to the image shown to see how cables are shaped and how each pin is differently shaped. Remember that the solid ends usually go to the power supply and the splti ends go to the hardware you are connecting to on modular power supplies." }, "PSUTIER": { "aliases": [ "psutierlist" ], "name": "What is the PSU Tier List?", "text": "When choosing a PSU, it's best to choose a high quality unit with around 50 Watts more than your system will draw under max load. A bad PSU can cause multiple issues down the line, from instability to complete failure.\n\nThe [PSU Tier List](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1akCHL7Vhzk_EhrpIGkz8zTEvYfLDcaSpZRB6Xt6JWkc/edit?gid=1719706335#gid=1719706335) is a guide that rates power supplies on build quality and reliability." }, "PREBUILTBUYINGGUIDE": { "aliases": [ "prebuilt", "prebuiltbuyguide" ], "name": "Prebuilt Buying guide", "text": "See [Suggest a PC's prebuilt buying guide – Google Sheets](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1hxzNhBEIxHoIjtPBu--maHMqyuOxHwyvv9oKUKKN2fY/view)." }, "QVL": { "aliases": [ "qualifiedvendorslist" ], "name": "What is the QVL?", "text": "The QVL, or Qualified Vendors List, is a list of components tested by the manufacturer of the product and is guaranteed by them that it will work. This list is often associated with memory on motherboards for memory that will be guaranteed to reach the full speed on the board. This does not mean that memory, not on the list, won't work or won't go to the full speed under XMP. It just means that it hasn't been tested; thus, it is not guaranteed to work entirely on the board.\n\nThe QVL is found on your motherboard's support page." }, "RAID": { "aliases": [ "raidgoboom" ], "name": "What is RAID?", "text": "RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Drives) is used to create a single volume from multiple drives, commonly for redundancy **, not backup**, reasons. The exception being RAID Level 0 which merges the drives into a single volume, but runs a higher risk of **full** data loss. This is due to the data being striped across the drives; thus, a single drive failure results in the data on all drives is useless and gone.\n\nIt is recommended that consumers avoid the use of RAID as a whole due to the complexity and management of the array(s).\n\n**RAID is not a backup!**" }, "RAMLATENCY": { "aliases": [ "truelatency", "caslatency" ], "name": "What is RAM Latency?", "text": "RAM Latency is a value that denotes how fast a stick of RAM actually is. CAS Latency is a number of clock cycles it takes to do changes in RAM. A faster clock rate means these get done faster, even if latency is slower.\n\n```\n(1/[ / 2]) * 1000 * = True Latency\n\nMT/s CAS Latency True Latency (ns)\n3600 14 7.78\n3200 14 8.75\n3600 16 8.89\n3200 16 10.00\n3600 18 10.00\n3200 18 11.25\n3600 22 12.22\n3200 22 13.75\n```" }, "RANDOMRESTART": { "aliases": [ "rr" ], "name": "What can you provide to get the best and fastest help with a crashing or restarting computer?", "text": "If your system is restarting randomly or is just crashing, it is best to provide as many accurate details as possible to receive the quickest and most effective help.\n\n**Have these details in a SINGLE message**\n\nInclude **all** of the following details:\n\n- The model of computer or a list of the parts used in the computer and the age of the afflicted system\n- Any and all overclocks, XMP/DOCP/AXMP profiles used.\n- The frequency your memory is currently running at.\n- The maximum temperature of system components under load, not idle.\n- Any errors and Blue Screens of Death you are receiving.\n- Any patterns during the random restarts including the frequency of the restarts and how long the issue has been occurring.\n- List everything you have tried to resolve your issue.\n\nIf this is a lot of information, consider posting to [/r/PCMasterRace](https://reddit.com/r/pcmasterrace) and linking the post here.\n\nSome of the more common reasons for \"random\" restarts is due to instability in overclocks, which includes XMP/DOCP/AXMP, high temperatures on processors, failed hardware, bugs in an OS, or an issue with the electrical supply.\n\n**The details you provide from above will help narrow down the source of your issue and provide quicker support.**" }, "REGISTRY": { "name": "Do not touch the Windows Registry!", "text": "Don't try any registry edits claiming to \"increase performance\". Changing values in the registry can cause undesired consequences and create issues with the Windows operating system.\n\n[Microsoft does not support the use of registry cleaners.](https://support.microsoft.com/kb/2563254)." }, "RESEATGPU": { "aliases": [ "reseat", "rgpu" ], "name": "How to reseat your GPU", "text": "If your PC is refusing to start, there is a chance that your GPU is not properly seated. Attempt to fix that with the following steps (Make sure to turn your power supply's physical power switch off before doing anything):\n\n1. Make sure your HDMI or DP cable is plugged into your GPU and not your motherboard. If it's in the GPU already, unplug it.\n\n2. Unplug the GPU power by squeezing the top of each cable (higher end GPUs may have more than one) and unplugging it.\n\n3. Your case will change this step. Open up the back of the case, and find the screws holding your GPU bracket in place. Undo these, and your GPU may sag slightly (that's good, just don't let it hang there.)\n\n4. Push down on the PCIe slot clip on the right of the long port your GPU is plugged into to release it.\n\n5. Gently but firmly pull your GPU out. If you feel sharp resistance, don't keep pulling, but it will take more than a light tap.\n\n6. Follow these steps in reverse to plug your GPU back in - plug in (the clip may snap in automatically, depending on the motherboard), screw in the bracket, and plug in your power and display cables.\n\n7. Pray to Tech Jesus that this fixed your issue. If not, check the power connection for your GPU power cable(s) at the power supply, if you use a modular PSU." }, "RESEATCABLE": { "aliases": [ "rscable", "reseatpower", "rspower", "unplugit" ], "name": "How to reseat any cable", "text": "1. Turn your power supply off with the physical switch.\n\n2. Identify the cable - if it seems to have a clip on it, proceed. If it's just a rectangle, skip to step 4.\n\n3. Squeeze in on the clip, making sure it is able to be pulled off the connector or header without catching.\n\n4. Pull out directly on the cable by the plug (NOT by the cables). The effort this takes varies by connector. Don't force it, but some connectors (I'm looking at you, 24-pin motherboard power) can be very difficult to remove.\n\n5. Plug the cable back in as it was. This should not cause issues, and should go in well. Be careful not to bend the pins inside, if it's a motherboard header.\n\n6. TURN YOUR POWER SUPPLY SWITCH BACK ON" }, "REVIEWS": { "aliases": [ "review" ], "name": "How to trust reviews", "text": "When you are looking at benchmarks and reviews of various products and components, it is critical to use reviews from reputable sources. Some things to look for is a clear testing methodology, the use of multiple samples to build a reliable dataset, and that the testing is completed consistently. When the testing and reviewing is not done correctly, the results, and potentially the review, can become skewed or biased." }, "RGBCONTROL": { "name": "Open Source or Third Party Fan Control and RGB software", "text": "Manufacturers' provided RGB and fan control software is often pretty bad. Not only are they limited to working with their own hardware, sometimes they don't even do that. Further, they can contain unwanted telemetry.\nConsider an alternative:\n- [FanControl](https://github.com/Rem0o/FanControl.Releases) – free fan control program for Windows\n- [OpenRGB](https://openrgb.org/releases.html) – free RGB control program for Windows and Linux\n- [SignalRGB](https://www.signalrgb.com/) - freemium RGB control program", "aliases": [ "fancontrol" ] }, "RGBCONNECTORTYPE": { "aliases": [ "rgbconnector", "argbconnector" ], "image": "/command_images/rgbconnector.png", "name": "What do aRGB and RGB connectors look like and how are they used?", "text": "RGB connectors are 12v 4-pin RGB connectors that are called:\n- jRGB (MSI)\n- RGB_Header (ASUS)\n- LED_C (Gigabyte)\naRGB connectors are 5v 3-pin Addressible RGB connectors that are called:\n- jRainbow (MSI)\n- ADD_Gen2 (ASUS)\n- D_LED (Gigabyte)" }, "RGBLEDTYPE": { "aliases": [ "ledtypes", "rgbledtypes", "rgbtypes", "rgbled", "rbgled" ], "image": "/command_images/addressablevsnon_2.gif", "name": "What's the difference between Addressible RGB and Non-Addressible RGB lighting?", "text": "Addressible RGB has a microcontroller per LED which allows individual LED customization for more finer control while Non-Addressible RGB can only set every led with the one color:" }, "ROLEPING": { "name": "You volunteered to be pinged! 🔔", "text": "Please do not spam or create additional traffic in the channel as a result of being pinged in any situation. Unnecessary messages derail the channel away from its intended purpose.\n\nThe helper roles are opt-in and can be pinged by anyone. If you no longer wish to be pinged by the role, click on \"Channels & Roles\" at the top of the member list on the left and turn off the role. You may have to turn it on and off." }, "RTFM": { "aliases": [ "readmanual" ], "name": "Read the manual!!!", "text": "Manuals contain valuable information about the specifics of your system. Motherboard manuals, in particular, will tell you:\n- Important information regarding compatible CPUs and RAM\n- The correct memory slots to populate based on the number of modules\n- A detailed layout of your motherboard\n- Instructions for clearing your CMOS/BIOS\n- Explanations for settings and options\n\nIf you no longer have your manual, you can find it on the manufacturer website, in the support page of your specific motherboard model.", "image": "/command_images/rtfm.png" }, "RYZENMOBO": { "name": "Ryzen Motherboard Compatability", "text": "Current Ryzen processors (1st - 5th gen) are able to be used across current motherboards with the appropriate BIOS. Older processors are able to work on newer motherboards without issue.\n\nNewer processors on older boards, however, require newer BIOS. If the motherboard **box** reports the motherboard as \"Ryzen 3000 Ready\" or is a board designed for Ryzen 3000 such as X570 boards, then the motherboard is good to go. If this is not the case, you will need to manually flash the BIOS, which some motherboards support without a CPU. If a CPU is required, you can contact AMD for a loaner CPU to update the BIOS through their [Short Term Processor Loan Boot Kit program](https://www.amd.com/en/support/kb/faq/pa-100#faq-Short-Term-Processor-Loan-Boot-Kit)." }, "SATACONNECTION": { "aliases": [ "satadriveconnection", "sataconnector" ], "image": "/command_images/sata-connectors.png", "name": "How do I connect a SATA Drive?", "text": "A SATA storage drive uses two connections in order for it to function. The wider cable is to provide power to the drive from the power supply and the smaller cable provides a DATA connection between the motherboard and the drive itself." }, "REPORTSPAM": { "aliases": [ "spamdm", "scamdm", "reportscam", "nitroscam" ], "image": "/command_images/dm_modmail.png", "name": "I received a spam/phishing message from a user here?", "text": "Don't click on any suspicious links! Report them by messaging <@355619002569195520> with the following:\n\n1. Their username and/or user ID\n2. A screenshot of their message" }, "CONTACT": { "aliases": [ "contactstaff", "modmail", "staffpm", "staffcontact" ], "image": "/command_images/dm_modmail.png", "name": "How do I contact the staff?", "text": "Send a message to <@355619002569195520> with your detailed request, so we can help you best. Alternatively, send a message via Reddit to [/r/PCMRDiscord](https://reddit.com/r/pcmrdiscord)." }, "SCREENSHOT": { "name": "Use the proper tools to take screenshots", "text": "When taking screenshots, it is best practice, for clarity and privacy reasons, to take a screenshot of the active window only.\n\n- On Windows, press Alt+PrintScreen with the window selected, then in Discord, press Ctrl+V.\n- On macOS, press Cmd+Ctrl+Shift+4 with the window selected and then press the space bar. Then in Discord, press Cmd+V to paste the screenshot.\n- On most Linux distributions, use the key combination Alt+PrintScreen with the window selected, then in Discord, press Ctrl+V.\n\nSee [Take-A-Screenshot.org](https://take-a-screenshot.org) for more information." }, "SINGLEMESSAGE": { "aliases": [ "angybot", "linespam", "spam" ], "name": "Please treat your return key with respect!", "text": "Please type out your messages, descriptions, or issues in a single message. This makes it much easier to read the chat and will prevent you from automatically being muted by me for line-spamming.\n\nIf you need to insert a linebreak...\nfor dramatic effect...\nyou can do so...\nby pressing...\nShift+Enter." }, "SLI": { "name": "What is SLI?", "text": "In recent years, SLI support has been dropped from games and applications in favor of cost savings in-licensing and development time. It has become more practical to use a single, more powerful GPU over multiple weaker GPUs linked together. The last game to support SLI was released in October of 2016 as a result.\n\nMulti GPU, not SLI or NVLink, is commonly used in rendering tasks for 3D work and production environments, where tasks are easier to split up and assign to multiple rendering devices. " }, "SMART": { "name": "What is SMART data and how do I get it?", "text": "Self-Monitoring and Reporting Technology (SMART) data is the diagnostic data produced by HDDs and SSDs. SMART data can be viewed using [CrystalDiskInfo](https://crystalmark.info/redirect.php?product=CrystalDiskInfo) on Windows and [smartctl](https://linux.die.net/man/8/smartctl) in Linux. This is suitable for determining the 'health' of a drive, but will only will report issues after the drive has detected them.\n\nAccording to [data captured by Backblaze](https://www.backblaze.com/blog-smart-stats-2014-8.html#S188R), the following five values are indicative of imminent drive failure:\n- SMART 5: Reallocated_Sector_Count.\n- SMART 187: Reported_Uncorrectable_Errors.\n- SMART 188: Command_Timeout.\n- SMART 197: Current_Pending_Sector_Count.\n- SMART 198: Offline_Uncorrectable.\n\nLook at raw numbers, to avoid any confusion with how drive manufacturers set their thresholds. In any case, it is essential to have backups of important data in case a drive dies." }, "SMFAIL": { "aliases": [ "safemodefail", "smf" ], "name": "How do I get to safe mode in a dire situation?", "text": "If you are unable to boot into Windows and need to access safe mode, you can force Windows into the recovery process by tricking it into thinking it is unable to boot further.\nThis is done by killing power to the system after the OS has started booting, but before the login screen. Repeat this process 3–5 times in a row, and Windows will prompt you with the boot troubleshooting menu.\nSelect Troubleshoot > Advanced Options > Startup Settings, then select Restart. Press 4 to boot into Safe Mode. For further instructions, see [Start your PC in safe mode in Windows - Microsoft Support](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/start-your-PC-in-safe-mode-in-windows-92c27cff-db89-8644-1ce4-b3e5e56fe234)." }, "SMNORMAL": { "aliases": [ "safemodenormal", "smn", "safemode" ], "name": "How do I get to Safe Mode in a normal situation?", "text": "To boot Windows into safe mode: Go into the start menu, click the power icon, hold Shift and keep holding it, and then click Restart.\n- If you can only access the login screen, this process can be done using the restart button in the bottom right of the screen.\nYou will arrive at a blue screen with multiple options. Select Troubleshoot > Advanced Options > Startup Settings, then select Restart. Press 4 to boot into Safe Mode.\n\nFor further instructions, see [Start your PC in safe mode in Windows - Microsoft Support](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/start-your-PC-in-safe-mode-in-windows-92c27cff-db89-8644-1ce4-b3e5e56fe234)." }, "SPECCY": { "name": "Speccy", "text": "Speccy is a tool that lists your systems specs. To use it:\n1. [Download Speccy](https://www.ccleaner.com/speccy/download/standard) from CCleaner.\n2. Run Speccy & share the URL by clicking clicking `File` -> `Publish Snapshot`, and pasting the link in this channel.\n\nYou should send a URL. Do not share a file or screenshot." }, "SPEEDTEST": { "aliases": [ "bitbyte", "networkgobrr" ], "name": "How do I interpret an internet speed test?", "text": "A speed test can be used to determine basic statistics about an internet connection from a device. [Speedtest.net](https://speedtest.net), [Google's speed test](https://www.google.com/search?q=internet+speed+test), and [fast.net](https://fast.net) are some of the available options to do a speed test. Each one will return the latency (ms), download speed (Mbit/s), and upload speed (Mbit/s) between you and their server.\n\nLatency measures the time a connection takes to go from your device to the speed test server and back.\nThe download measures the speed of the connection from their server to your device.\nThe upload is the opposite, going from your device to their server.\n\nThe results can be affected by many things, such as your local network connection and the type of service you have to your home." }, "STEAMDECK": { "name": "Steam Deck Specs", "text": "Read. The. Specs. https://www.steamdeck.com/en/tech Read it. Read them. Click the link. Read the contents. Do it. Click it. Read it." }, "STFU": { "aliases": [ "stfl", "shorturl", "shortenthelink", "shortlink", "shortlinks", "stl" ], "name": "Shorten the Friggin' URL!", "text": "Woah, that's a long link. You can usually delete the portion of the URL after `?`, as this segment generally contains unnecessary tracking parameters.\n\nExamples:\n\n- **https:\\//www.amazon.com/Product-Name/dp/B0CMHDJTTD/**~~ref=sr_1_3?crid=bnlhIG55YSBlc3Ryb2dlbg~~\n- **https:\\//www.newegg.com/product-name/p/3C6-02SM-00005**~~?AFFNAME=CoolPartPicker&AFF_TON=wi114m&ranSiteID=b3dvIChudXp6bGVzIHlvdSk~~\n- **https:\\//youtu.be/FxeriGuJKTM**~~?si=YXJjaCBsaW51eCBidHc~~\n\nYou can also use the [ClearURLs browser extension](https://github.com/ClearURLs/Addon#readme) to do this for you." }, "STOPSPECULATING": { "attribs": [ "noembed" ], "name": "STOP SPECULATING!", "image": "/command_images/spec.gif" }, "STORAGEBASE": { "aliases": [ "1tb", "931gb", "900gb", "terabyte" ], "name": "Why is my 1TB drive less than 1000GB?", "text": "Because 1000 GB (Gigabytes) = 931 GiB (Gibibytes).\n\nHumans (and hardware vendors) measure storage capacity in base-ten metric prefixes (kilo, Mega, Giga, Tera).\n\nComputers however, measure using binary prefixes (kibi-, Mebi-, Gibi-, Tebi-, ...), e.g. 1TiB (Tebibyte) = 1024 (Gibibytes) = 1024^4 bytes. This can create discrepancies in the apparent capacity of a drive, especially for software that reports GB that are actually GiB." }, "SUPPORTCHANNELS": { "aliases": [ "sc" ], "name": "Each of the different support channels has a purpose.", "text": "Each of the support channels has a different purpose:\n\n<#497150397358800908> is for selecting components, systems, and accessories.\n<#96028420848230400> is for fixing things and guidance on setting up more complex items like networking.\n<#500820755391709194> is for support for, well, overclocking. It is also for underclocking and undervolting.\n<#135645254014468096> is for the discussion and learning of how to control computers.\n<#213077219424206858> is for discussion and support of linux related topics.\n<#213077236683636736> is for discussion and support of apple and mac-os related topics.\n\n<#750325966936473600> is for discussing hardware while not needing help. While this is not specifically a support channel, it is related." }, "SUPPORTDENY": { "aliases": [ "denysupport", "tsdeny" ], "name": "What are grounds for denial of support in the support channels?", "text": "Support can and will be denied for any software or system that violates server rules, such as Rule #9, or support channel rules. Examples of violations include illegitimate software and licenses, grey-market, pirated content, unreleased, or unsupported software, and hardware. We also do not support LTSC versions of Windows.\n\n**Any version of Windows 11 from the insider branches are categorized as unreleased software and will be denied support as such. By choosing to use insider, you are opting in to be your own support and act as a tester for Microsoft.**\n\nAsking for help with using a debloater, or issues involving a debloated system, will be denied support. Debloating can cause numerous obscure issues and system instability that only make it harder for support to help.\n\nSupport for work and school devices will be redirected to the school or workplace's IT department or support team.\n\nIssues involving passwords will also be denied, as we are unable to verify ownership of the account or system in question.\n\nIssues involving out-of-date operating systems that are past end of life or support, including Windows 7 and 8, will also be denied support.\n\nIf you are being uncooperative or rude to those helping, you may lose support." }, "SUPPRESSPINGS": { "aliases": [ "suppress", "everyone", "ateveryone", "noateveryone" ], "name": "How do I ignore @everyone pings?", "text": "Discord allows you to control what pings and notifications you recieve at a per-server level. \n- On PC, click on \"PC MASTER RACE\" in the top left and go to \"Notification Settings\". Enable \"Suppress @everyone and @here\".\n- On mobile, swipe right. Tap on the ... at the top, then choose \"Notifications\". Enable \"Suppress @everyone and @here\".", "image": "/command_images/suppresspings.png" }, "SWAP": { "aliases": [ "pagefile" ], "name": "What is the pagefile/swapspace?", "text": "Swap space, or the pagefile, is a space used by the system to expand into when the system memory is needed for a more present task. When your system begins to run out of memory to the current task, it moves the content of idle tasks into this space to free up the faster memory. If the active application needs more memory than available, it can also spill over into the swap space, which can affect the application's performance.\n\nIn Windows, the amount of storage space in use for swap is the total capacity of system memory subtracted from 'Committed' memory in task manager." }, "TEMPS": { "aliases": [ "safetemps", "thermals" ], "name": "What are safe temperatures and how can I lower them?", "text": "You will have a multitude of thermal sensors within your system. For most components in your system, a maximum temperature under **full load** should be less than or equal to 85C. Temperatures at an idle or low system load can fluctuate greatly, will be affected more by ambient temperatures, and are higher than expected due to a lower fan speed on many default profile to decrease noise at low loads.\n\nThere are some exceptions to this, such as hard drives, which typically have a max operational temperature of 60-65C or VRMs (Voltage Regulator Modules) on the motherboard, exceeding 100C without issue. There are instances where going past the max recommended or reliability temperature is expected or acceptable such as NVMe SSD controllers or laptops, where cooling performance is limited. In cases like this, the absolute upper limit would be 95C before taking action.\n\nIf you have a sensor reporting an abnormally high temperature in a piece of software, double-check the reading using another piece of software. Such software includes HWiNFO or software designed by the manufacturer of the afflicted component.\n\nIf you wish to reduce your thermals, you can increase the fan speed(s) to cool components, reduce the ambient air temperature or increase airflow around the system, or upgrade the cooler on an afflicted part." }, "TPM": { "aliases": [ "trustedprotectionmodule" ], "name": "What is a Trusted Protection Module or TPM?", "text": "A TPM is a hardware or firmware (fTPM) module to provide extra security functions in a computer. These help increase security through a hardware, or firmware for ftpm, random number generation, generation of cryptographic keys, hardware authentication, and more. In common settings, these are also used to help secure passwords, drive encryption. There is no harm in enabling your TPM.\n\nTo enable your TPM, you will need to enter the BIOS. On intel systems, it will be called PTT / Platform Trusted Technolgy. On AMD, it will be called fTPM. To find these, look in your security or advanced settings or refer to your manual.\n\nIn Windows, you can go to the start menu and search `tpm.msc` to view if the tpm is active. In Linux, you can run `dmesg | grep -i tpm` to view tpm logs." }, "tsq": { "aliases": [ "byoangy" ], "attribs": [ "hidden" ], "name": "What is TSQuiet?", "text": "<@&398477463933419521> is a role given to an individual who disrupts any of the support channels. This can range from outright trolling, going off-topic, providing poor or harmful support, and more. Those with this role are not able to access the support channels, pretty much most channels in the 'general' category but main, hardware-discussion, and battlestations.\n\nThis role is typically permanent due to the rarity of individuals to prove they can behave in the support channels after the role is removed. If you have this role and would like it removed, how you act in other channels, modmail, and in general will contribute to the possibility of restoring access to those channels. If you behave and show good character, then your access will likely be restored under certain conditions. If you start complaining in channels, asking for it to be removed, or spam modmail, the role will not be removed and may transition into a full server mute." }, "USBCHEADER": { "aliases": [ "usbc", "typec" ], "image": "/command_images/usb-c-header.png", "name": "What does a USB-C header look like?", "text": "The USB-C header is located on your motherboard and is used to connect front panel USB-C connector(s) that come on the front panel of your case. You can refer to your motherboard user manual on where it's located on your motherboard. Not all cases have USB-C ports." }, "USBTYPES": { "aliases": [ "usbtype", "whatusb", "whatisusb" ], "image": "/command_images/usb-types.jpg", "name": "What types of USB connectors are there and what do they look like?", "text": "Many different standards for USB connectors are used and vary from device to device. Refer to the image on what they look like." }, "USERBENCHMARK": { "aliases": [ "ubm" ], "name": "Do not use UserBenchMark!", "text": "Do not use UserBenchMark (UBM) for benchmarking or comparing hardware components. Please know that they have been at the center of drama due to accusations of being biased towards certain brands, using outdated or nonsensical means to score products, as well as several other things that you should know. You can learn more about this by [seeing what other members of the PCMR have been discussing lately](https://www.reddit.com/r/pcmasterrace/search/?q=userbenchmark&restrict_sr=1&sr_nsfw=). Please strongly consider taking their information with a grain of salt and certainly do not use it as a say-all about component performance.\n\nIf you're looking for benchmark results and software, we can recommend the use of tools such as Cinebench R20 for CPU performance and 3DMark's TimeSpy ([a free demo is available on Steam, click \"Download Demo\" in the right bar](https://store.steampowered.com/app/223850/3DMark/)), for easy system performance comparison." }, "VALUE": { "attribs": [ "hidden" ], "name": "Actually contribute to the support", "text": "Make sure to try to add value to this channel." }, "VCREDIST": { "aliases": [ "redist", "vcruntime", "gameredist" ], "name": "Game Redistributables", "text": "These are files needed by games and applications to run as intended.\nArrears for these are commonly missing DLLs or a related failed/error on application start-up.\n\nVisual C++ runtime: https://www.techpowerup.com/download/visual-c-redistributable-runtime-package-all-in-one/\n(To install, run the included install_all.bat with admin privileges (right click, \"Run as administrator\")" }, "VOLUNTEER": { "aliases": [ "volunteers" ], "name": "Volunteers", "text": "This is an open forum, for people to help people as they please. If you need immediate or certain assistance, you should seek out a local business for assistance." }, "VPN": { "aliases": [ "vpnprivacy", "vpnanonynimity", "vpnadvice" ], "name": "Do I need a VPN?", "text": "Using a VPN will give you **privacy** from your ISP, public Wi-Fi networks, and peer-to-peer clients.\n\nVPNs will **not** keep your browsing habits anonymous, nor will it add additional security to non-secure (HTTP) traffic. A VPN is not a replacement for good security practices, and free VPNs may sell your browsing data.\n\n[VPN Overview – Privacy Guides](https://www.privacyguides.org/basics/vpn-overview)/\n[Do I need a VPN?](https://www.doineedavpn.com/)" }, "W11": { "aliases": [ "windows11", "esu" ], "name": "Should you upgrade to Windows 11?", "text": "If Windows 11 supports your hardware, you should. Windows 10 lost support on October 14, 2025, and your Windows 10 license will carry over for free if you install Windows 11.\n\nIf your hardware isn't supported by Windows 11, you must enroll in the Extended Security Updates program to continue receiving security updates temporarily. This will last until October 13, 2026. If you'd like to keep using your computer after that date, you must install an alternative operating system or upgrade your hardware for Windows 11.\n\nMore information to enroll in ESU can be found here: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/extended-security-updates" }, "WEIRDDOWNLOAD": { "aliases": [ "slowdownload" ], "name": "Why is my download speed slow?", "text": "Internet Service Providers(ISPs), rate the connection they sell you in a number of bits per second. The speed rating will be listed similarly to 200Mbps, or 200 Megabits per second.\n\nGame downloads, such as those in Steam and Uplay, count in Bytes per second. An example is 25MBps or 25 MegaBytes per second.\n\nNotice the capitalization difference between Megabits (Mb) and MegaBytes (MB). Megabits are 1/8th the size of a MegaByte, so your maximum speed in Steam will report as 1/8th of the Mbps that your ISP is selling you. Services like Speedtest.net read in Mbps, so this should more accurately reflect your ISP's speed. The server from which you are downloading can be physically farther away, reducing the maximum possible download speed.\n\nThis unit conversion is similar to buying 3 feet of fabric and receiving 1 yard. In the end, it is the same amount of data, fabric in this case, but different units of measurement." }, "WHATSM2": { "aliases": [ "whatism2" ], "name": "Whats M.2?", "text": "The M.2 interface is a multi-use interface commonly used for storage and wireless devices. In the case of storage, the SATA and NVMe protocols are both often seen used on the interface, but not every M.2 slot supports both. With SSD's, the SATA \"key\" is commonly referred to as \"B\" or \"B+M\" and NVMe using the \"M\" key. Some systems may only support one over all of their slots, both, or a combination. In some cases, the motherboard may reallocate resources, such as SATA ports, to the m.2 slot, effectively disabling SATA ports in favor of your M.2 SSD. The best way to know what the system supports and how it handles allocation is to refer to documentation, such as your manual.\n\nMake sure to check if your system is compatible with the specific protocol and form factor of SSD before using or purchasing." }, "WIC": { "aliases": [ "dism", "sfc" ], "name": "Windows Integrity Checks", "text": "The Windows operating system has two main integrity checks to make sure that the files for Windows itself are in a stable state.\n\n`sfc /scannow`\nRuns a System File Check to see if the Windows files, including DLLs, have any issues. If it finds any problems, it will attempt to fix the problem, but may not always succeed.\n\n`DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth` and `DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth`\nThe DISM commands above are another health check for Windows to act as a second opinion to find further problems. Cleanup-Image tells DISM to be very strict with the process while it scans the system files.\n\n`chkdsk C: /f /r`\nThe chkdsk command runs a basic check on the selected disk, in this case `C:`, locates bad sectors and tries to recover readable information, `/r`, and attempts to fix the errors,`/f`.\n\n**All three scans need to be done from either a recovery command prompt or an admin command prompt.**" }, "WINDOWSDRIVE": { "name": "How do I add a new drive in Windows?", "text": "In the Start Menu, search for \"Disk Management\" and open it. At the bottom of the window, scroll till you see a black bar and right-click on the bar. Select \"New Simple Volume\" and follow the wizard keeping all options as they are. When you get to the option for MBR vs. GPT, select GPT unless its a system from 2011 or earlier. For the option after about the drive letter, choose any letter you would like that hasn't already been used. " }, "WINDOWSLEGIT": { "aliases": [ "legitwindows", "winkey", "license", "buywindows" ], "name": "Where can I get a legitimate copy of Windows?", "text": "You can purchase a legitimate Windows license from Microsoft directly, or from a retail store such as Best Buy, Amazon, Newegg.com. You can also check with your local college or university, who may be able to get you a discounted or free key.\n\nSites selling the keys at a low price are typically grey market sites, selling keys belonging to a company, are stolen, or are counterfeit. These can be deactivated when the key is reported as stolen.\n\nYou can use Windows unactivated with no limitations except a faint watermark and limited personalization." }, "WINDOWSREINSTALL": { "aliases": [ "reinstallwindows", "winstall", "installwindows", "windowsinstall" ], "name": "How to install or reinstall Windows.", "text": "Reinstalling Windows can quickly fix many issues such as malware, driver issues, etc.\n\nYou will need an USB drive with at least 8GB of capacity and a working computer.\n\nDownload the [Windows 10 Media Creation Tool](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows10) or the [Windows 11 Media Creation Tool](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows11).\n\nThe instructions for creating the bootable install media will be under the tab starting with \"Using the tool to create installation media...\" and contains further instructions on how to install Windows.\nAlternatively see [How to install Windows 10? – MSI Support](https://www.msi.com/support/technical_details/MB_OS_Installation)." }, "WINDOWSRESET": { "aliases": [ "reset" ], "name": "Reseting Windows is **NOT** the same as a reinstall.", "text": "Resets are not a full reinstall of the system and can lead to a broken OS.\nType '?reinstallwindows' for instructions on doing a proper clean install." }, "WRONG": { "attribs": [ "hidden" ], "image": "/command_images/wrong.gif", "name": "Wrong.", "text": "Wrong." }, "WUCLEAR": { "name": "How do I clean up the Windows Update Cache?", "text": "To clear the Windows Update Cache follow the instructions on this page:**\nhttps://thegeekpage.com/clear-windows-update-cache/\n**" }, "XMP": { "aliases": [ "docp" ], "name": "What is X.M.P.?", "text": "Extreme Memory Profile or XMP is a system developed by Intel to running memory at higher than stock speeds without the need to mess around with manual overclocking. Profiles are stored in a small chip on the DIMMs, and motherboards can read from the chip. From there, you can set your memory to higher than stock speeds.\n\nTo do this, boot into your BIOS and look for settings regarding XMP, AXMP, or DOCP. These are the settings where you will select the XMP profile you wish to use. Commonly they can be found on the main BIOS page, or maybe hidden under overclocking, advanced, or \"AI Tweaker\" tabs within the BIOS.\n\nNOTE: While XMP is generally a stable platform, it is still considered an overclock and may not be 100% stable. XMP profiles are tuned for Intel-based systems and have a higher chance of instability on AMD Ryzen systems." }, "XMPFIX": { "aliases": [ "xmpfail" ], "name": "XMPFIX", "text": "If your XMP or DOCP profile is unstable, there are a few things that can be done to help improve stability.\n- Make sure your memory sticks are in the correct slots on your motherboard, as defined in the motherboard manual.\n- Make sure your BIOS is up to date\n- If all else fails, you will need to manually overclock your memory or use a lower speed profile or JEDEC\n\nEven if your system never had issues in the past, you will be asked to remove these profiles during the troubleshooting process to remove potential places to introduce the instability." }, "SSDTIERLIST": { "aliases": [ "ssdtier", "ssdlist" ], "name": "SSD Tier List", "text": "[SSD Tier List – Google Sheets](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1B27_j9NDPU3cNlj2HKcrfpJKHkOf-Oi1DbuuQva2gT4/view)" }, "SSDTYPES": { "aliases": [ "ssdt" ], "name": "The SSD Types", "text": "Following graphic will give you an overview of common SSD types.", "image": "/command_images/ssd-types.png" }, "WINAV": { "aliases": [ "winantivirus" ], "name": "What anti-virus should I use on Windows?", "text": "You probably don't need third-party anti-malware software. These days, Microsoft Defender Antivirus has similar accuracy to the paid AV programs. See [AV-Test](https://www.av-test.org/en/antivirus/home-windows/manufacturer/microsoft/) and [SELabs](https://selabs.uk/reports/endpoint-security-eps-home-2023-q1/)'s testing reports." }, "BUILDDATE": { "aliases": [ "bd", "earlylist" ], "name": "Why planning a list early isn't recommended:", "text": "- Prices in your list can change over time.\n- Prices for competing, alternative parts can go down, making your list more expensive or otherwise less ideal by comparison.\n- Supply changes - your intended parts may run out of stock.\n- New products may release that may be better than your initial choices, and could make your list less up-to-date.\n- Confirmation bias - you may be more likely to stick to your first parts list, even if it's worse than another list made closer to the time you intend to purchase." }, "PUSHPULL": { "name": "What is \"Push\", \"Pull\", and \"Push Pull\"?", "text": "\"Push\", \"Pull\", and \"Push Pull\" refer to how your raditor fan is mounted in relation to your radiator. The performance difference between \"Push\" and \"Pull\" is minimal and shouldn't be considered. \"Pull\" has the advantage of dust collecting on the surface of your radiator for easy cleaning versus \"Push\" which sandwiches it between your fan and radiator.", "image": "/command_images/pushpull.png" }, "BRAND": { "aliases": [ "brand" ], "name": "Always buy by product, not by brand.", "text": "Every brand has good and bad products.\n\nFor example, enjoy these reviews of a \"trusted\" brand making one of the worst PSUs on the market: [EVGA 650W N1 Review](https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/evga-650w-n1-power-supply-review)\n\nFollowed by a lesser-known name producing a top quality one: [Super Flower Leadex III 650 W Review](https://www.techpowerup.com/review/super-flower-leadex-iii-650-w/)" }, "W11INSTALLBYPASS": { "aliases": [ "w11bypass", "w11nointernet", "w11withoutinternet", "bypass" ], "name": "To install Windows 11 without internet...", "text": "1. Press Shift+F10 to open a Command Prompt.\n2. Type `start ms-cxh:localonly` into the prompt and hit enter.\n3. The PC should restart. Continue installation as normal.\n4. On the Wi-Fi page, select the new \"I don't have internet\" option on the bottom right.\n- If you don't see \"I don't have internet\", retry step 2 with `start ms-cxh:localonly` instead.\n\nOnce you reach the desktop, you can install the appropriate network drivers to access the internet." }, "WHACKAMOLE": { "aliases": [ "whac" ], "image": "/command_images/whack-a-mole.gif", "name": "Try to be more specific with your question.", "text": "When you ask questions that aren't very specific or don't cover the full picture, it feels like playing whack-a-mole to answer. Please explain in detail exactly what you are trying to accomplish, and your full PC spec list if applicable." }, "NOPENTEST": { "name": "We don't support pentesting distributions on bare metal.", "text": "Pentesting distros (like Kali, Parrot, and BlackArch) are often highly specialized distros with modified cores and can run into obscure/difficult to diagnose issues when running them on bare metal, which they were never meant to run on.\n\nThey are primarily designed to be used in virtual machines, where they can easily be repaired with snapshot restores and have isolation from the host machine to compensate for their reduced security measures.\n\nRunning them on live ISOs are also another intended usecase, although this can present its own issues as any issues with a live ISO can only be fixed by creating a new one.\n\n**Nobody is likely to be willing to help you if you ask for help with these distributions in #linux.** If you run into issues with one, simply reinstall it or restore to a working snapshot in your VM.\n\nIf you still want to run Linux on bare metal and get help here, consider trying one of the many distros actually designed for use as a normal desktop OS. You can use `!distro` for a list of these that we recommend.", "image": "/command_images/nopentest.png", "aliases": [ "nohacker", "nokali", "kali" ] }, "WIFIPRIORITY": { "name": "Use wifi as main internet source", "text": "**Step 1**: Press Win + S to open search bar then on search bar type “Windows PowerShell” then click on Run as administrator.\n\n**Step 2**: Type `Get-NetIPInterface` to list network adapters. Note the “InterfaceIndex” (Ifindex) for your desired adapter showing in image below\n\n**Step 3**: Send `Set-NetIPInterface -InterfaceIndex [IFIndex] -InterfaceMetric [IFMetric]`, \nFor example `Set-NetIPInterface -InterfaceIndex 17 -InterfaceMetric 5` Which sets wifi to be the highest priority in example list, as lower number means higher priority\n\n**step 4**; Send Get-NetIPInterface again to verify the change, now wifi should be the highest priority. \n", "image": "/command_images/change_network_adapter_priority.png", "aliases": [ "wifipriority", "networkpriority" ] }, "FPAUDIO": { "name": "HD Audio Connector", "text": "Your front panel audio connector needs to be connected in order for audio to come out of your case connectors. The connector looks like this on all motherboards.", "image": "/command_images/hdaudio.png", "aliases": [ "hdaudio" ] }, "CPUHIGHRESOLUTION": { "name": "CPU's and how much do they matter at higher resolutions", "text": "If you're gaming at 1440p or 4K, the CPU's impact on performance diminishes significantly because the GPU handles most of the workload. This means you can achieve nearly identical gaming performance with a Ryzen 7600X as you would with a more expensive 9800X3D at these resolutions. Benchmarks consistently show that while the 9800X3D offers substantial gains at 1080p, those differences shrink to negligible levels at higher resolutions, where the GPU becomes the bottleneck.\n\n Linked here, will be 2 videos from Hardware Unboxed with proof and further explanation to this.\n [Video 1. by Hardware Unboxed](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jlcftggK3To) - [Video 2. by Hardware Unboxed](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zy3w-VZyoiM)", "aliases": [ "cpuresolutions", "cpures" ] } }